I've got an old HP laptop (running XP) I use if the ASUS gives me trouble, so I either post from that or my phone.
If I can get back to the command screen, I'll give what you wrote a shot. Now it's taking me to the login screen, but either I can't log in because:
1. The login isn't accepting anything I type in that it stays blank some of the time. The mouse arrow moves around but when I click in the login box, it changes to the typing icon but that's it.
2. It accepts the password (sometimes it takes a couple minutes for each of the password dots to show up as the password gets typed out), looks like it's about to take me to the main screen but kicks me back to the Windows 8 prelogin screen with the graphic of Seattle. Normally it includes the time and an option to restart/shutdown/etc., but none of these options are showing up now, it's just the Seattle graphic.
One other thing I noticed - if I keep the laptop plugged, that's when it will make its way to the login screen, even if I restart it by taking out the battery. If I unplug it and take out the battery & turn it on, that's when it goes into the "diagnosing the PC" mode, so I might be able to give your advice a shot.
BTW, if this post has exceeded the scope of the original topic, I can start up a new one in the other forum. Didn't want to derail the original thread if this doesn't apply.
UPDATE: Success in that I was able to open the Command Prompt, typed in what you said and the current status is: "Verifying files: Stage 1 of 5). 1 percent complete. (50177 of 411904 file records processed).
Looks like this'll take a bit so I'll post again with the results.