You have some extremely high temps there and are the likely cause of the shutdowns when they go higher.
Generally your fans should be able to hold the temps under 70ºC.
One sign of overheating is when the fans seem to be going full speed all of the time.
Overheating because the thermal paste needs changing or because the overheating is caused by a service(s) maxing out the CPU and causing a memory leak and freezing, will shut down the machine.
If you have been continuing to use the machine over long periods in this state, then you may well have renew the thermal paste anyway.
I've got an on going problem with one of my laptops where it was freezing and it was uncomfortable to keep my fingers on the touchpad, although it didn't get to the stage of shutting down.
For me, it was the Windows Update service maxing out the single core that laptop just has, although it never used to do that.
It's only since April that I've had problems getting updates on that machine where they are no longer presented and I am only prompted to run a check for updates which has taken ages before they finally came.
To use that laptop comfortably, I have to disable and stop that service
With Task Manager open, click on Processes/Show processes from all users then on the name Memory which will sort them with the highest user first.
Right click on the highest (which could be the Service Host) and select Go to services.
This should highlight the service which is maxing out or helping to max out the CPU.
The Windows Update service will be listed as wuauserv there.
Whichever service it highlights, go Start - type services.msc and press enter then scroll down to that service - right click on it and select Properties and use the dropdown to change its status to Disabled.
Click on Apply and then on Stop - OK.
Click on File/Exit to close services and check to see what the CPU and Memory usage is like then, but don't have any windows open which will eliminate iexplore.exe
Repeat the steps if the CPU and Memory usage are still high.
Microsoft has an update that can reduce the memory usage Windows Update uses but it has no effect on the CPU usage.
That update is KB3065987 if you need it -
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=47737Have you tried running MBAM in Safe Mode to see if it will complete ?
I'm not clear whether a chkdsk has found any bad sectors or not but if the CPU is being maxed out, then that will have an effect on running any program.
Boot up into the advanced boot options and select Repair your Computer - change or confirm the language etc. - make a note of where it finds the OS to repair, as it may not always see it as C: then when in the Windows Recovery Environment (WRE), select Command Prompt and enter chkdsk x: /f where x is the partition letter.
As it is done outside of Windows, it won't require a reboot and should run much quicker.
While this won't do anything for any bad sectors, it will list any KBs it finds in bad sectors.
Enter exit to close the command window so that you can restart the machine.